روز 28 اسفند 89

 The calendar is a method by which people measure time for their town internal or religious purposes, dividing it into years, months, weeks, and days. People of ancient times based the earliest calendars on the most clear regular ……1…..they knew the movements of the Sun and Moon, which together ………2…. the three simplest divisions of time. These are the days, the lunar month, and the solar year. We now know that the ……3…….movements of the Sun across the sky ……4…….the Earth’s turning. The day is the time ……5……..by the Earth to orbit on its axis just under 24 hours. The lunar month is the time between two new moons about 29.5 days.

1.  a. details       b. effects           c. aspects       d. events

2. a. increase     b. include      c. produce       d. improve

3. a. regular      b. facial      c. definite        d. growing

4. a. causes   b. causing    c. being caused    d. is caused by

5. a. taken  b. is taken   c. is taking     d. which takes

 

Answers:

1. d. events          2. c. produce       3. a. regular      4. a. causes      5. a. taken 

کنکور سال 83 هنر

Most scientists think that by resting our bodies, we allow time for essential maintenance work to be done. Any damage that there is can be put right more quickly if energy isn’t being used up doing other things. Injured animals certainly spend more time asleep than usual while their wounds are healing. And quite a few illnesses make us feel sleepy, so our body can get on with curing us.

Sleep is controlled by certain chemicals. These built up during the day, eventually reaching levels that make us tired. We can control the effects of these chemicals to some extent. Caffeine helps keep us awake while some medicines make us sleepy.

By using electrodes, scientists are able to study what goes on in people’s heads while they sleep. They have discovered that when we first drop off everything slows down. The heart beats more slowly and our breathing becomes shallow. After about 90 minutes our eyes start to twitch and we go into what is called REM sleep. REM stands for Rapid Eye Movement, and it’s a sign that we’ve started to dream.

1. The best title for the passage is …………

a. why we dream          b. effect of chemicals on sleep

c. facts about sleep      d. effect of sleep on health

 

2. What causes human sleep is ……..

a. some chemicals            

b. the need to store energy

c. some wounds and illnesses               

d. the slowing down of our heartbeat

 

3. The word “they” in paragraph3, line 2 refers to..…

a. heads   b. electrodes      c. scientists       d. people

 

4. The word “twitch” in paragraph3, line 5is closest in meaning to ………

a. drop      b. close       c. move       d. become heavy

 

5. According to the passage, all of the following happen during asleep Except …………..

a. Rapid Eye Movement         

b. less heart activity

c. shallow health    

d. increased need for caffeine

Answers:

1. c. facts about sleep         2. a. some chemicals      3. c. scientists  

4. c. move         5.d. increased need for caffeine